将JavaScript函数与HTML分离
Separate JavaScript functions from HTML
我正在创建一些表模型，我需要一个HTML文件来设置需要显示的数据，以及一个（或多个）JS文件来转换数据并创建表。当所有代码都在一个文件中时，一切都很好，但我在尝试分离它时遇到了问题，所以我需要帮助。
<html>
<head>
<script>
var columns = ['address', 'city', 'name', 'state'];
var data = [
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA']
];
//Set default number of items per page
var DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ITEMS_PER_PAGE = 20;
//Set default number of page
var DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE = 1;
//Calculate total number of rows
var TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_ROWS = data.length;
//Function that create table header depending of data in list column
function setTableHeader(tableColumns){
var i=0;
tableColumns.forEach(function(entry){
var column = document.createElement('th');
column.id='column_'+i;
column.innerHTML = '<a>'+entry+'</a>';
var table = document.getElementById('table1');
table.appendChild(column);
i++;
});
}
//Setting initial values for pagination variables
var itemsPerPage = DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ITEMS_PER_PAGE;
var page = DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE;
var startRow = (page-1)*itemsPerPage;
var endRow = page*itemsPerPage;
//Function that sets values for pagination variables depending selection that user made
function setPaginationVariables(){
itemsPerPage=document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value;
page=document.getElementById("pageNumber").value;
if(page*itemsPerPage>TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_ROWS){
page=DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE;
itemsPerPage=document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value;
startRow=DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE;
endRow=document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value;
}else{
startRow = (page-1)*itemsPerPage;
endRow = page*itemsPerPage;
}
generateTable(columns, data);
}
//Function that adds pagination on page
function addPagination(){
document.body.innerHTML='<div id="itemsPerPageDiv"></div><div id="pageSelectionDiv"></div>'
addItemsPerPage();
addPageNumbers();
}
//Function that adds select field for items per page
function addItemsPerPage(){
document.getElementById("itemsPerPageDiv").innerHTML='Items per page <select onchange="setPaginationVariables()" id="itemsPerPage"><option value="5">5</option><option value="10">10</option><option value="20">20</option></select>';
document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value=itemsPerPage;
}
//Function that adds select field for page numbers
function addPageNumbers(){
var s = 'Pages <select id="pageNumber" onchange="setPaginationVariables()" >';
for(i=1;i<TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_ROWS/itemsPerPage;i++){
s+='<option value="'+(i)+'">'+(i)+'</option>'
}
s+='</select>';
document.getElementById("pageSelectionDiv").innerHTML+=s;
document.getElementById("pageNumber").value=page;
}
//Function that generate rows
function generateRows(rowsData){
var i=0;
for(p=startRow; p<endRow;p++){
var row = document.createElement('tr');
row.id='row_'+i;
var table = document.getElementById('table1');
table.appendChild(row);
fillRow(row.id , rowsData[p], i);
i++;
}
}
//Function that fill rows with data
function fillRow(row_id, rowData, rowNumber){
var j=0;
rowData.forEach(function(entry){
var cell = document.createElement('td');
cell.id='cell_'+rowNumber+'_'+j;
j++;
cell.innerHTML = '<a>'+entry+'</a>';
var row = document.getElementById(row_id);
row.appendChild(cell);
});
}
//Function that generate table
function generateTable(columns, data){
addPagination();
var table = document.createElement('table');
table.id = 'table1';
document.body.appendChild(table);
setTableHeader(columns);
generateRows(data)
}
</script>
<style>
#table1{
width:auto; border: 1px solid black;
}
#table1 th{
border: 1px solid black
}
#table1 td{
border: 1px solid black
}
</style>
</head>
<body onload="generateTable(columns, data);">
</body>
</html>
事实上，我需要将列和数据保存在HTML文件中，并将其他所有内容保存在JS文件中。任何帮助或建议都会很棒。
以下是我尝试过的：
文件1:index.html
<html>
<head>
<script src="Table_model.js"></script>
<script>
var columns = ['address', 'city', 'name', 'state'];
var data = [
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['1236 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['5555 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['7777 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['9999 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA'],
['2222 Some Street','San Francisco','John A. Smith','CA']
];
function test(){
generateTable(columns, data);
}
</script>
<style>
#table1{
width:auto; border: 1px solid black;
}
#table1 th{
border: 1px solid black
}
#table1 td{
border: 1px solid black
}
</style>
</head>
<body onload="test();">
</body>
</html>
文件2:Table_model.js
//Set default number of items per page
var DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ITEMS_PER_PAGE = 20;
//Set default number of page
var DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE = 1;
//Calculate total number of rows
var TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_ROWS = data.length;
//Function that create table header depending of data in list column
function setTableHeader(tableColumns){
var i=0;
tableColumns.forEach(function(entry){
var column = document.createElement('th');
column.id='column_'+i;
column.innerHTML = '<a>'+entry+'</a>';
var table = document.getElementById('table1');
table.appendChild(column);
i++;
});
}
//Setting initial values for pagination variables
var itemsPerPage = DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ITEMS_PER_PAGE;
var page = DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE;
var startRow = (page-1)*itemsPerPage;
var endRow = page*itemsPerPage;
//Function that sets values for pagination variables depending selection that user made
function setPaginationVariables(){
itemsPerPage=document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value;
page=document.getElementById("pageNumber").value;
if(page*itemsPerPage>TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_ROWS){
page=DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE;
itemsPerPage=document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value;
startRow=DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_PAGE;
endRow=document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value;
}else{
startRow = (page-1)*itemsPerPage;
endRow = page*itemsPerPage;
}
generateTable(columns, data);
}
//Function that adds pagination on page
function addPagination(){
document.body.innerHTML='<div id="itemsPerPageDiv"></div><div id="pageSelectionDiv"></div>'
addItemsPerPage();
addPageNumbers();
}
//Function that adds select field for items per page
function addItemsPerPage(){
document.getElementById("itemsPerPageDiv").innerHTML='Items per page <select onchange="setPaginationVariables()" id="itemsPerPage"><option value="5">5</option><option value="10">10</option><option value="20">20</option></select>';
document.getElementById("itemsPerPage").value=itemsPerPage;
}
//Function that adds select field for page numbers
function addPageNumbers(){
var s = 'Pages <select id="pageNumber" onchange="setPaginationVariables()" >';
for(i=1;i<TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_ROWS/itemsPerPage;i++){
s+='<option value="'+(i)+'">'+(i)+'</option>'
}
s+='</select>';
document.getElementById("pageSelectionDiv").innerHTML+=s;
document.getElementById("pageNumber").value=page;
}
//Function that generate rows
function generateRows(rowsData){
var i=0;
for(p=startRow; p<endRow;p++){
var row = document.createElement('tr');
row.id='row_'+i;
var table = document.getElementById('table1');
table.appendChild(row);
fillRow(row.id , rowsData[p], i);
i++;
}
}
//Function that fill rows with data
function fillRow(row_id, rowData, rowNumber){
var j=0;
rowData.forEach(function(entry){
var cell = document.createElement('td');
cell.id='cell_'+rowNumber+'_'+j;
j++;
cell.innerHTML = '<a>'+entry+'</a>';
var row = document.getElementById(row_id);
row.appendChild(cell);
});
}
//Function that generate table
function generateTable(columns, data){
addPagination();
var table = document.createElement('table');
table.id = 'table1';
document.body.appendChild(table);
setTableHeader(columns);
generateRows(data)
}
在这种情况下我得到的错误：未捕获引用错误：数据未定义
您需要确保，如果您将脚本移动到其他文件并从HTML页面链接到它们（如Blazemonger所解释的），那么一切都仍然按照正确的顺序进行。JavaScript是一种解析语言，而不是编译语言。在HTML页面中留下的Script标记之前，您已经链接到了.js文件。在.js文件中，您引用了在其他脚本标记中创建的Data变量。但是JS还没有解析这部分代码，也不知道里面有什么。
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